Today in History in 1806 the Lewis and Clark expedition ends with the return to St. Louis, Missouri; and in 1875 Billy the Kid is arrested for the first time, for stealing clothes from a laundryman.

The On This Day In History archives at “Simple English Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia” contains over 200,000 events, birthdays and deaths from 6,000 years of history. Here is a roundup of a few of them:

September 23 is the 266th day of the year (267th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 99 days remaining until the end of the year.

EVENTS

1338 – Hundred Years' War: The Battle of Arnemuiden is fought, as the first naval battle.

1409 – Battle of Kherlen: Second significant victory by the Mongols over Ming Dynasty China since 1368.

1459 – Battle of Blore Heath: First major battle of the English Wars of the Roses.

1568 – Spanish naval forces rout and English fleet under command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulua near Veracruz.

1641 – The Merchant Royal, carrying treasure worth over a billion US Dollars, is lost at sea off Land's End, Cornwall.

1805 – Napoleonic Wars: After the Austrians march into Bavaria, France declares war on Prussia.

1806 – The Lewis and Clark expedition ends with the return to St. Louis, Missouri.

1821 – Tripolitsa, Greece, falls and 30,000 Turks are massacred during the Greek War of Independence.

1845 – Knickerbockers Baseball Club is founded in New York City. It is the first baseball team to play under modern rules.

1846 – The planet Neptune is officially discovered.

1868 – Grito de Lares, "Lares Revolt", occurs in Puerto Rico against Spanish rule.

1875 – Billy the Kid is arrested for the first time, for stealing clothes from a laundryman.

1889 – Nintendo Koppai, later the Nintendo Company, is founded in Japan by Fusajiro Yamauchi.

1905 – Norway and Sweden sign the "Karlstad Treaty", peacefully ending their union.

1908 – The University of Alberta is founded.

1909 – The Phantom of the Opera, a novel by Gaston Leroux, is published as a series in the Le Gaulois newspaper.

1910 – French-Peruvian pilot Geo Chavez becomes the first person to fly a plane across the Alps.

1913 – Roland Garros becomes the first person to fly a plane across the Mediterranean Sea, doing so from San Raphael, France to Bizerte, Tunisia.

1932 – The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd is renamed Saudi Arabia.

1938 – Mobilisation of the Czech army in response to the Munich Crisis.

1939 – Psychologist and key figure in Psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud dies at the age of 83.

1941 – Holocaust: The first gas chamber experiments take place at Auschwitz.

1943 – The Nazi puppet state of the Italian Social Republic is founded.

1959 – Iowa farmer and corn breeder Roswell Garst hosts Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev.

1965 – Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 ends.

1972 – Ferdinand Marcos announces the implementation of martial law over TV and radio in the Philippines.

1973 – Chilean poet Pablo Neruda dies, 12 days after the coup that brought Augusto Pinochet to power in Chile.

1973 – Juan Perón retakes power in Argentina, but dies just over 9 months later.

1980 – Bob Marley plays in his last live performance, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

1983 – Saint Kitts and Nevis joins the UN.

1983 – Gerrie Coetzee becomes the first African heavyweight boxing World champion.

1983 – Gulf Air Flight 771 is bombed, killing all 117 people on board.

1989 – Azerbaijan declares its sovereignty from the Soviet Union.

1993 – The 2000 Summer Olympics are awarded to Sydney, Australia.

1999 – NASA announces it has lost contact with the Mars Climate Orbiter.

2002 – The first public version of the web browser Mozilla Firefox (Phoenix 0.1) is released.

2004 – Hurricane Jeanne reportedly kills 1,070 people in Haiti.

2008 – The Kauhajoki Shooting occurs in Finland, as 10 people are shot dead. The gunman, Matti Saari, later turns the gun on himself.

2009 – Major dust storms affect Eastern Australia, as people in Sydney wake up to find their city shrouded in red dust.

2017 – New Zealand general election: The centre-right New Zealand National Party under Prime Minister Bill English becomes the largest party for the 4th term in-a-row. The New Zealand Labour Party under Jacinda Ardern performs a lot better than in the previous election.

2017 – Iran announces a weapon-test, only a few days after a speech by US President Donald Trump in which he strongly criticised the country.

2019 – British travel company Thomas Cook collapses.

2019 – Russia joins the Paris Climate Agreement.

2019 – Climate change activist Greta Thunberg speaks at a United Nations Climate summit.